FEMA Flood Zones

Zone X

The moderate- and low-risk zone outside the Special Flood Hazard Area — shaded X (0.2% annual chance) and unshaded X (minimal hazard).

fldzone = 'X'

Risk tier: Moderate to low — outside the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA).

Zone X covers everything outside the high-risk 1%-annual-chance floodplain. It is by far the most common value in the dataset. Critically, X bundles two very different risk pictures that FEMA distinguishes on the map by shading — a distinction the dataset preserves in zonesubty.

Shaded vs. unshaded X

Shaded XUnshaded X
RiskModerateLow / minimal
What it coversThe 0.2%-annual-chance (500-year) floodplain; 1%-annual-chance areas with average depths under 1 foot or drainage areas under 1 sq mi; and areas protected by a levee from the base floodAreas of minimal flood hazard, above the 0.2%-annual-chance flood level
Legacy equivalentZone BZone C

Because both are stored as fldzone = 'X', use zonesubty to tell them apart.

zonesubty values

zonesubtyInterpretation
0.2 PCT ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD HAZARDShaded X — the 500-year floodplain.
1 PCT DEPTH LESS THAN 1 FOOTShaded X — nominal 1%-annual-chance flooding of very shallow depth.
AREA WITH REDUCED FLOOD RISK DUE TO LEVEEShaded X — protected by a levee (residual risk remains if the levee is overtopped or fails).
AREA OF MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARDUnshaded X — minimal hazard.
(empty)Unshaded X — minimal hazard.

Building and insurance implications

  • Outside the SFHA, so flood insurance is not federally required — but it is available at lower Preferred Risk rates, and it is worth noting that a substantial share of NFIP claims come from outside the SFHA, particularly in shaded X.
  • No SFHA elevation requirements apply, though local ordinances may still address drainage.

In the data

ColumnValue
fldzoneX
staticbfeNULL
zonesubtyshaded/unshaded qualifier (see table above)
firmid / firmdatesource FIRM panel and effective date
-- Split X parcels into shaded (moderate) vs. unshaded (minimal)
SELECT lrid, parceladdr,
       CASE
         WHEN zonesubty IN ('AREA OF MINIMAL FLOOD HAZARD', '') OR zonesubty IS NULL
           THEN 'unshaded X (minimal)'
         ELSE 'shaded X (moderate)'
       END AS x_class
FROM   lr_parcel_us
WHERE  fldzone = 'X';

See also: Zones B and C (the legacy equivalents), Zone D (undetermined risk).

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