Type of structure or building type on the land.

The structure-type dimension classifies the physical structure on the land — and, where there is no building, the constructed works that occupy it. Terms such as single-family house, office building, warehouse, hospital building, and highway all describe structural character, and they indicate the utility of the space independently of what is happening inside it.

Keeping structure separate from activity and function matters because buildings outlive their original purpose. A single-family residential structure used as a law office is still a single-family structure; it simply carries an office activity code and a legal-services function code alongside it.

Structure type is the dimension most closely tied to the built-environment attributes an assessor already records — stories, units, construction type — which makes it the easiest of the five to populate from existing county records.

Top-level categories

Every code in this dimension descends from one of these nine one-digit categories.

Code	Category
1000	Residential buildings
2000	Commercial buildings and other specialized structures
3000	Public assembly structures
4000	Institutional or community facilities
5000	Transportation-related facilities
6000	Utility and other nonbuilding structures
7000	Specialized military structures
8000	Sheds, farm buildings, or agricultural facilities
9000	No structure

How to read the code tables

The tables below list all 399 codes in the structure-type dimension, one section per top-level category. Indentation shows the hierarchy: a 1100 code is a subcategory of 1000, an 1110 code a subcategory of 1100, and an 1111 code a subcategory of 1110. Trailing zeros mark the level, so the number of significant digits tells you the depth of any code without looking it up.

A dash in the description column means the standard publishes the category name without an accompanying note.

1000 Residential buildings

Code	Category	Description
1000	Residential buildings	This is a catch-all category for all buildings built for residential purposes.
1100	Single-family buildings	Also includes any single-unit structure for habitation. The emphasis here is "single" and not "family." Includes split-level homes, linked group (houses that share foundations), manufactured homes, etc.
1110	Detached units	Standard single-family residential structures.
1120	Attached units	Usually two or more dwelling units side-by-side sharing one roof, but each unit has a separate front and rear access.
1121	Duplex structures	Generally a two-unit building that is divided horizontally, and each unit has a separate entrance from the outside or through a common vestibule. For semi-detached, double-duplexes, quadraplexes, maisonettes, etc., count the number of units in the structure and use the appropriate multifamily structure category. For applications that need to track the precise configuration, use additional fields or attributes in the land-use database.
1122	Zero lot line, row houses, etc.	This was a traditional planning category that is fast falling out of use. Many manufactured home developments are configured as zero lot line developments, townhouses are a form of zero lot line housing, and to further confuse the usage, former row houses are also used as barracks, group housing, or farm housing. Avoid this category if possible, but it is provided here for compatibility with many existing land-use databases that have this description.
1130	Accessory units	Use this category for an accessory unit, which is structurally separate and distinct from the main structure. An accessory unit is a second dwelling unit (structure-wise) that is added to an existing lot for use as a complete and independent facility. Note that not all accessory units have residential activities. For an accessory use (not structure) that is part of the main structure or not incidental to the primary use, classification options vary. Such a unit is also known as a "granny flat." See the working paper on Mixed Uses and Accessory Uses for a discussion of the full range of issues associated with accessory uses and their implications for land-use data classifications.
1140	Townhouses	A type of structure that has three or more separate dwelling units divided vertically, and each unit has separate entrances to a front and rear yard.
1150	Manufactured housing	Also commonly referred to as factory-built housing, which includes modular, mobile homes, and manufactured homes. The differences are subtle but, if a land-use application needs these finer gradations, create another attribute table to track the various kinds of factory-built housing. A manufactured home is a dwelling unit fabricated in an off-site manufacturing facility for installation or assembly at the building site, bearing a label certifying that it is built in compliance with the federal Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standard Act of 1974 (42 USC 5401, et. seq.), which became effective June 15,1976. A mobile home is a residential dwelling that was fabricated in an off-site manufacturing facility, designed to be a permanent residence, built prior to enactment of the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards. A modular home is a structure intended for residential use and is manufactured off site, but assembled on site. Note that not all modular homes are mobile homes. Then there are other related terms not related to structure type but to the overall site development character. Do not use this dimension for coding such compound land-use terms. They include (with a brief definition): Manufactured Home Development: A general category of development that includes manufactured home subdivisions and manufactured home communities (or land-lease communities). Manufactured Home Subdivision: A subdivision designed and/or intended for the sale of lots for siting manufactured homes. Manufactured Housing Community: Any piece of real property under single ownership or control for which the primary purpose is the placement of two or more manufactured homes for permanent residential dwellings and for the production of income. A manufactured housing community does not include real property used for the display and sale of manufactured units, nor does it include real property used for seasonal recreational purposes only, as opposed to year-round occupancy. Land-Lease Community: A residential development typified by single ownership of the land within the development, with the landowner retaining the rights of ownership. Home sites within the community are leased to individual homeowners, who retain customary leasehold rights. Manufactured Home Condominium (or cooperative): A condominium (or cooperative development) of manufactured homes.
1200	Multifamily structures	The following categories refer to the number of units and not by the number of floors or stories in the structure. For counting the number of households, have a separate field in the land-use database that lists the number of actual households in the building. For tracking the number of floors in a structure, use another attribute field. In short, this dimension is only for tracking the total number of units in a structure to get an indication of how big the structure is.
1202	Two units	—
1203	Three units	—
1204	Four units	—
1205	Five units	—
1206	Six units	—
1207	Seven units	—
1208	Eight units	—
1209	Nine units	—
1210	Ten units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "up to ten units."
1211	Eleven units	—
1212	Twelve units	—
1213	Thirteen units	—
1214	Fourteen units	—
1215	Fifteen units	—
1216	Sixteen units	—
1217	Seventeen units	—
1218	Eighteen units	—
1219	Nineteen units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between ten and twenty units."
1220	Twenty units	—
1221	Twenty-one units	—
1222	Twenty-two units	—
1223	Twenty-three units	—
1224	Twenty-four units	—
1225	Twenty-five units	—
1226	Twenty-six units	—
1227	Twenty-seven units	—
1228	Twenty-eight units	—
1229	Twenty-nine units	—
1230	Thirty units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between twenty and thirty units."
1231	Thirty-one units	—
1232	Thirty-two units	—
1233	Thirty-three units	—
1234	Thirty-four units	—
1235	Thirty-five units	—
1236	Thirty-six units	—
1237	Thirty-seven units	—
1238	Thirty-eight units	—
1239	Thirty-nine units	—
1240	Forty units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between twenty and thirty units."
1241	Forty-one units	—
1242	Forty-two units	—
1243	Forty-three units	—
1244	Forty-four units	—
1245	Forty-five units	—
1246	Forty-six units	—
1247	Forty-seven units	—
1248	Forty-eight units	—
1249	Forty-nine units	—
1250	Fifty units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between forty and fifty units."
1251	Fifty-one units	—
1252	Fifty-two units	—
1253	Fifty-three units	—
1254	Fifty-four units	—
1255	Fifty-five units	—
1256	Fifty-six units	—
1257	Fifty-seven units	—
1258	Fifty-eight units	—
1259	Fifty-nine units	—
1260	Sixty units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between fifty and sixty units."
1261	Sixty-one units	—
1262	Sixty-two units	—
1263	Sixty-three units	—
1264	Sixty-four units	—
1265	Sixty-five units	—
1266	Sixty-six units	—
1267	Sixty-seven units	—
1268	Sixty-eight units	—
1269	Sixty-nine units	—
1270	Seventy units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between sixty and seventy units."
1271	Seventy-one units	—
1272	Seventy-two units	—
1273	Seventy-three units	—
1274	Seventy-four units	—
1275	Seventy-five units	—
1276	Seventy-six units	—
1277	Seventy-seven units	—
1278	Seventy-eight units	—
1279	Seventy-nine units	—
1280	Eighty units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "between seventy and eighty units."
1281	Eighty-one units	—
1282	Eighty-two units	—
1283	Eighty-three units	—
1284	Eighty-four units	—
1285	Eighty-five units	—
1286	Eighty-six units	—
1287	Eighty-seven units	—
1288	Eighty-eight units	—
1289	Eighty-nine units	—
1290	Ninety units	When using a three-level coding scheme, apply this category to mean "more than eighty units."
1291	Ninety-one units	—
1292	Ninety-two units	—
1293	Ninety-three units	—
1294	Ninety-four units	—
1295	Ninety-five units	—
1296	Ninety-six units	—
1297	Ninety-seven units	—
1298	Ninety-eight units	—
1299	Ninety-nine units and more	—
1300	Other specialized residential structures	For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.
1310	Barracks	Primarily associated with housing for uniformed services (police, military, etc.). For tracking number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.
1320	Dormitories	Primarily associated with an institution that provides sleeping units and communal dining facilities. For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.
1330	Hotels, motels, and tourist courts	For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database. Include country inns here although many also have residential facilities for the owner or caretaker. See the description for multifamily structure on how to account for household units.
1340	Single room occupancy units	Historically, many hotels and motels are converted to SROs. Even new SRO buildings are structurally no different from hotels. But many have small cooking facilities (independent or common) and other amenities not associated with a hotel. SROs may also have building code specifications different from hotels and motels. For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.
1350	Temporary structures, tents, etc. for shelter	For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.
1360	Other structurally converted buildings	This is a catch-all category for all other residential structure types that do not easily classify in any of the other residential categories. For tracking the number of occupants, guest rooms, or beds, use additional attributes or fields in the land-use database.

2000 Commercial buildings and other specialized structures

Code	Category	Description
2000	Commercial buildings and other specialized structures	Use this as a catch-all category when sufficient detail about structure types are not available (for example, when using remotely sensed data).
2100	Office or bank building	Buildings constructed for office-type uses. Typically these buildings constitute the majority of nonresidential structures in a community.
2110	Office building with drive-through facility	An office building with drive-in windows to serve customers in automobiles.
2200	Store or shop building	Most retail stores fall in this category. Use this as a catch-all category when sufficient detail about structure types are not available (for example, when using remotely sensed data).
2210	Shop or store building with drive-through facility	A building with drive-in windows to serve customers in automobiles.
2220	Restaurant building	Restaurant buildings that serve food for customers for consumption on or off premises. These structures may also be characterized by specialized cooking, serving, and health and hygiene equipment.
2230	Standalone store or shop building	A catch-all category for most commercial and retail business structures.
2240	Department store building	These buildings are characterized by large commercial spaces for retail or wholesale sales although they may be reconfigured for other uses. Use this category for urban and downtown department stores that look similar to office or standalone store, but have specialized building features (store fronts, display windows, large atriums, etc.).
2250	Warehouse discount store building	These structures are primarily warehouse in structural character, but also have other structural features convenient for large discount stores and "big-box retail" establishments.
2260	Market shops including open markets	Structures in this category include typical market shops and farmers markets with or without outdoor sales and service areas in single or groups of buildings with stalls for retail or wholesale commercial activities.
2270	Gasoline station	Structures that are specialized for selling gasoline with storage tanks, often underground or hidden. They may have bays for car washes. For convenience stores that sell gasoline, use the convenience store category.
2280	Automobile repair and service structures	Includes service garages and other structures that have bays for automobile service. These are specialized structures for auto repair and service.
2300	Office or store building with residence on top	Use this category for areas that the land-use database is not recording as multiple uses in a structure. Structurally, they may have some unique characteristics. Many planning applications in older neighborhoods can apply this category for large portions of their inventory.
2400	Office building over storefronts	This is a catch-all category to differentiate office buildings with street-level retail uses from a purely office building. Structurally, they are similar to a regular office building but vary in their treatment of street-level portion of the structure. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2500	Malls, shopping centers, or collection of shops	Shopping center refers to a group of retail establishments that are located (and sometimes managed) as a single property. Most provide on-site parking, and their size and configuration reflect the kinds of merchandise and trade area characteristics. The two basic structure types are malls and open-air strip centers. Malls are enclosed and built in various shapes and sizes. Strip centers are a row of stores or service outlets managed as one retail entity that does not have enclosed walkways. Most have on-site parking in front of stores. Some may have covered canopies connecting store fronts. Typically the layout of stores are in a straight line, "U", or "L" shaped. They can take other configurations as well. For planning applications, knowing the type of shopping center (whether is serves the neighborhood or an entire region) is more useful than knowing the basic configuration. Land-use classification systems have used a variety of categories in the past. The basic system is divided into malls, shopping centers, and convenience stores. The type of merchandise (and services) offered is the primary factor differentiating types of malls, shopping centers, and convenience stores. Structure types vary widely within this class of commercial buildings and, because of the competitive nature of retailing and constant search for innovative merchandising, classifying every one of the structure types in this category may be difficult, if not impossible. This industry is probably the most in flux of all the categories planners encounter. Planners typically use four basic shopping center terms: neighborhood, community, regional, and superregional. These categories served planning functions for over a generation. Because of the significant changes in the industry since then, the International Council of Shopping Centers expanded the four basic categories to eight. The subcategories in this dimension reflect these new categories. The terms used in this category may be confused with similar terms in functional and activity dimensions. But the concepts are distinct: shopping center types are structures classified by their merchandise and trade area. In describing the subcategories of malls and shopping centers, size and area characteristics are provided, but they are intended to be used for illustrative purposes only in order to distinguish one type of shopping center from another. If your land-use data set needs to track size and area of malls and shopping centers, use the site area or building area attributes in the database for such details.
2510	Neighborhood center (convenience with one or more anchors)	Usually configured as a straight-line strip with no enclosed walkway or mall area; sometimes a canopy may connect the storefronts. Sizes vary from 30,000 to 150,000 square feet on sites ranging from 3 to 15 acres, and have a 3-mile primary trade area radius. Typically serves immediate neighborhood with convenience shopping. Often anchored by a supermarket or a drugstore, the center offers groceries, drugs, sundries, snacks, and personal services. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2520	Community center (general merchandise with two or more anchors)	Usually configured as a strip (straight line, "U", or "L" shaped) center. Of all the varieties of shopping centers, these are by far the most common type and are configured in the widest range. Other terms used to describe this type are: discount centers (if anchored by a discount store), or off-price centers (if anchored by an off-price retailer). Sizes vary from 100,000 to 350,000 square feet on sites ranging from 10 to 40 acres, and have a 3- to 6-mile primary trade area radius. Serves a wider market than neighborhood and also offers wider range of goods, especially apparel and other "soft" goods. Anchors include supermarkets, super drugstores, and discount department stores. Some centers may also contain off-price retail stores selling toys, electronics, sporting goods, and home improvement and furnishings. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2530	Regional center (enclosed mall with two or more anchors)	Usually configured as an enclosed mall with an inward orientation of the stores and have common walkways with parking areas around the perimeter of the building. Sizes vary from 400,000 to 800,000 square feet on sites ranging from 40 to 100 acres, and have a 5- to 15-mile primary trade area radius. Typically serves a region with general merchandise in full depth and variety. Apparel stores are usually the anchors. They may be traditional, mass merchant, or discount department variety. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2540	Superregional center (similar to regional, but has three or more anchors)	Usually configured as an enclosed mall and may even have multiple levels. Sizes vary from 800,000 square feet and above on sites ranging from 60 to 120 acres, and have a 5- to 25-mile primary trade area radius. Typically serves the same purpose as a regional center, only with more anchors. Other terms used for this category include "super off-price malls" and "mega mall." Several anchors (three or more) offer more variety and depth of merchandise than a regional center. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2550	Fashion/specialty center (higher end, fashion-oriented stores)	Usually configured as a mall, emphasizing rich decor and landscaping. Sizes vary from 80,000 to 250,000 square feet on sites ranging from 5 to 25 acres, and have a 5- to 15-mile primary trade area radius. Typically has upscale shopping. Also known as vertical market center. It need not have an anchor, but if it does, it is usually an apparel shop. Sometimes restaurants and entertainment play the anchor role. Other shops include boutiques and craft shops that offer unique merchandise of high quality and price. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2560	Power center (category-dominated anchors with few small tenants)	Usually configured as a collection of several freestanding anchors and a few, if any, small tenants. Sizes vary from 250,000 to 600,000 square feet on sites ranging from 25 to 80 acres, and have a 5- to 10-mile primary trade area radius. Typically contains stores that offer the widest selection in a particular merchandise category at low prices. Also known as "category killers." Anchors include discount department stores, off-price stores, warehouse clubs, or other "category killers." Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2570	Theme or festival center (leisure, tourist-oriented, restaurants)	Mostly located in urban areas and sometimes adapted to historic buildings or other related urban activities nearby. They can also be one component of a large mixed-use project. Sizes vary from 80,000 to 250,000 square feet on sites ranging from 5 to 20 acres. They have no specific trade area. Primarily serves tourists or leisure market segments. They employ a unifying theme in design, layout, and sometimes even the merchandise they sell. Most often, they are anchored by restaurants and entertainment facilities. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2580	Outlet or discount center (manufacturer outlet stores)	Strip configuration is the most common format, but others include malls and "village cluster." Many also have outdoor sales areas. Sizes vary from 50,000 to 400,000 square feet on sites ranging from 10 to 50 acres (some may be as big an 100 acres), and have a 25- to 75-mile primary trade area radius. Contains mostly manufacturers' outlet stores selling their own products at discounts. They are commonly found in rural areas and sometimes near tourist locations. Typically there is no anchor, but some stores may be larger than a typical anchor store and function like one to draw customers. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2590	Other kinds of shopping centers	These categories are mainly for those applications that may want further differentiation. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2591	Convenience stores or centers	Usually configured as a stand-alone store from the smallest size to a few thousand square feet of space. It is typically anchored by a mini-mart, gas station, or a 24-hour general store. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension. For gas stations, use the gasoline service station category.
2592	Home improvement center	Structurally, these centers are no different from other types of store buildings. Sometimes, they have outdoor sales or storage of merchandise. Sizes vary from a few hundred to several thousand square feet of enclosed space. Such a center is typically anchored by a hardware, furniture, carpet, or other store specializing in merchandise for home improvement. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2593	Car care center	Structurally, they are similar to other store buildings, but some may include repair garages, car washes, and other similar automobile-specific construction. Typical functions include sales of auto parts, auto repairs, tires, and other auto-related merchandise. Track the establishments in this type of structure by applying the appropriate code(s) from the function dimension.
2600	Industrial buildings and structures	Use this as a catch-all category when sufficient detail about structure types are not available (for example, when using remotely sensed data). Because the subcategories mirror those used by industrial property appraisers, appraisal data sets may already contain some or all these distinctions.
2610	Light industrial structures and facilities	Many industrial structures were described by their roof design (saw tooth, monitor, etc.). But modern industrial structures may look no different from an office building.
2611	Loft building	Multistoried industrial building, often with higher ceilings and wider columns than a comparable office building. They are popular structures for rehab to residential activities. Other rehab adaptations include art galleries, selling books, computer data centers, mail order centers, and general office space.
2612	Mill-type factory structures	These are older single or multistory factories, common in many older industrial area, and supported by large wood beams and columns. They are popular structures for rehab to activities that are not industrial (art galleries, book selling, computer data centers, mail order centers, etc.). For lumber mills, see the agricultural facilities category.
2613	One-story modern manufacturing plants	Many newer industrial structures may look and generate impacts like a typical office building, but they rely on special power, water, or waste disposal systems for operations.
2614	Industrial parks	Also known as research and development parks, these are one or more buildings used for light industrial activities, often by several independent enterprises, that may share common loading, parking, and business services. Sometimes they are also referred to as business incubators that are similar to a light industrial structure but differ in the duration of tenancy (incubators only lease for a year to two to help a business in its initial development). Industrial malls, structurally, are like business incubators, but without tenancy restrictions.
2615	Laboratory or specialized industrial facility	A catch-all category for unique and specialized structures that cannot be easily classified under light industrial structures.
2620	Heavy industrial structures and facilities	Typically the largest facilities in a community, these structures house complex operations, some of which might be continuous (operated 24 hours a day, seven days a week). Because these facilities are constructed for specific occupants, they have a high degree of obsolescence. Because the subcategories mirror those used by industrial property appraisers, appraisal data sets may already contain some or all these distinctions.
2621	Assembly and construction-type plants	A typical heavy manufacturing facility.
2622	Process plants (metals, chemicals, etc.)	Process sometimes also applies to oil refineries, which are categorized separately.
2630	Oil refinery facility	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
2631	Refinery with anchored equipment < 100,000 barrels/day	—
2632	Refinery with unanchored equipment < 100,000 barrels/day	—
2633	Refinery with anchored equipment > 100,000 barrels/day	—
2634	Refinery with unanchored equipment > 100,000 barrels/day	—
2635	Refinery pumping plant with anchored equipment	—
2636	Refinery pumping plant with unanchored equipment	—
2700	Warehouse or storage facility	Includes public storage, mini-warehouse, mini-storage, and other storage buildings.
2710	Mini-warehouse	—
2720	High-rise mini-warehouse	—
2730	Warehouse structure	Does not include grain elevator structures; they should be classified in agricultural structures.
2740	Produce warehouse	Specialized warehouse structures for storing, sorting, repackaging, and, sometimes, wholesale selling of produce.
2750	Refrigerated warehouse or cold storage	Large industrialized warehouse structures with specialized cold storage and climate control facilities.
2760	Large area distribution or transit warehouse	A subcategory for specifying large warehouse structures that occupy several acres of land.
2770	Wharf and dock shed	Waterfront structures for marine and water-based enterprises.
2780	Tank farms	Tanks that primarily store fuel, oil, and other liquid products (except water). Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
2781	Tank farms with anchored tanks	—
2782	Tank farms with unanchored tanks	—

3000 Public assembly structures

Code	Category	Description
3000	Public assembly structures	An essential category for many planning applications related to public safety, transportation, and emergency management. The subcategories give a broad variety of public assembly but, if your application needs more precision, create subcategories at the four-digit level under the appropriate broader category.
3100	Theater	Theaters are specialized structures for housing dramatic presentations, stage entertainments, motion-picture shows, and similar events that entail mass assembly of people. Most theaters have a stage or a screen for viewing. Some theaters may also have more than one stage for the same viewing area or have multiple screens (one on each wall of the auditorium). In any case, audience seating is oriented toward these viewing areas. Although theaters traditionally provided fixed seating on a gradually rising or stepped floor, modern innovations in audio and video technology may obviate such specialized constructions or the seating rows are flexible enough to be reconfigured as needed. Furthermore, other specialized viewing preferences (drive-in theaters, for example) do not have any unique structural characteristic beyond a traditional screen for viewing in an open parking lot. Despite these marked differences in structural characteristics of theaters, they all serve mass assembly of people for social, cultural, and entertainment events. Not included in this category are other specialized structures that are also commonly referred to as theaters. For example, operating theater (for conducting operations or surgical procedures) and theater of war (for war games and military exercises). Since such structures do not appear in isolation, i.e., are not standalone structures, they should instead be classified under the appropriate hospital or military structure category.
3110	Performance theater	Includes concert halls and other structures with fixed seats arranged on a sloped or stepped floor; may seat 300 to 3,000 people.
3120	Movie theater	A movie theater is a specialized theater for showing movies or motion pictures. The primary structural difference between a theater and a movie theater is the projection screen. However, many movie theaters can be easily adapted for stage performances and many stages have folding screens for movie projections. Although screen shapes are mostly rectangular, they come in a variety of shapes. Also, some special-purpose multimedia movie theaters use multiple screens (one on each wall face) or the entire ceiling surface, which are sometimes curved or geodesic in shape. Other terms used to describe these structures include talkies, cinema theaters, and motion pictures. This category also includes cineplexes — complex structures with multiple movie theaters, each theater capable of providing performances independent of the others in the complex. Structurally, theaters in a cineplex are grouped in a manner that allows them to share box or ticket offices, parking facilities, lobby areas, restrooms, concession stands, signs and marquee displays, and other service and maintenance facilities. These structures first started appearing in shopping centers and malls, sometimes integrated with the layout of the mall. Historically, a cineplex meant a theater complex with two or more movie theaters. Popular configurations have nine or twelve theaters. But as structures evolved to accommodate twenty or more theaters, the movie-theater industry started using such terms as multiplex, megaplex, and mega theater to differentiate these newer configurations from older cineplex layout. But there is no clear structural distinction between a cineplex and a megaplex. The distinction between a cineplex and a megaplex has been further blurred because developers sometimes retrofit cineplexes with more screens, often smaller, within the existing structure.
3130	Amphitheater	Some can accommodate 15,000 to 20,000 spectators. Modern versions have fixed seating (about 40% of capacity) under a roof (but no walls) and the remaining spectators spread out on sloping lawns. They are very popular for summer music concerts.
3140	Drive-in theaters	—
3200	Indoor games facility	Many bowling alleys, golf ranges, skating rinks, etc., do not have large spectator seating areas but cater to a large number of people playing in the facility. If necessary, create subcategories here for to differentiate between structures (skating rinks from golf ranges, for example).
3300	Sports stadium or arena	Structurally, the main distinction between a stadium and an arena is its size. Stadiums are larger than arenas and seat 40,000 to more than 100,000 spectators; arenas typically seat 8,000 to 22,000. The layout of seating and sight lines in stadiums follow a fixed sport (baseball or football), whereas arenas are designed around the flat, central space whose size is about the size of a basketball court. Arenas also host circuses, ice shows, indoor soccer, hockey games, horse shows, and music concerts. Increasingly, many stadiums, especially domed facilities, are serving arena-like events. Special event stadiums are the kind built for a single purpose or event (tennis, motor speedways, horse race tracks, velodromes, etc.). Another common term for this category is coliseum. Note that the name of a facility may have the word coliseum in it but may in fact be a multipurpose structure (as described in the next category). Similarly, another confusing term is a facility with the name "civic center." It may refer to an arena, city hall, auditorium, or, sometimes, even a jail.
3400	Exhibition, convention, or conference structure	A typical exhibition hall facility occupies several city blocks and contains 50,000 to 700,000 square feet of contiguous flat floor space. These halls have high ceilings (25 to 35 feet) and can accommodate a variety of events. Some very large cities (Chicago, for example) have multilevel exhibition halls. Convention structures have both an exhibition hall and a number of meeting rooms. Many also have kitchen and banquet facilities, and an auditorium for special events. Trade shows, public shows, conventions, food functions, receptions, dances, banquets, assemblies, and other activities are typically hosted in these structures. Multipurpose structures have combinations of exhibition, convention, and arena facilities. Some of these may be co-located or created out of a single enclosed space that is reconfigured. This category also includes the horseshoe-shaped auditorium buildings popular in the 1930s and 1940s in many midsize to big cities. These structures have a fixed stage at one end of a flat floor area on which were portable seats on risers and fixed seats on other levels. Multipurpose arenas have since replaced these kinds of structures. Trade centers are not included here. They are usually a special-purpose office building for a specific group of enterprises (brokers, importers, freight forwarders, etc.). These structures belong in the office building category. Merchandise marts also serve the same purpose as trade centers but also have permanent exhibit space (30,000 to 50,000 square feet) with lower ceilings than exhibition halls. These structures serve specific consumer-oriented industries (gifts, apparel, furniture, floor coverings, computers, etc.). Because many cities do not have such facilities, these trade groups often use existing exhibition and convention facilities. In Europe, exhibition hall facilities are also known as congress centers.
3500	Churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, etc.	These are specialized religious structures that have pulpits, choirs, musical instruments, such as organs, pianos, and bands, besides large seating areas. Some churches, mosques, temples and other similar religious structures may also have towers (bell towers in churches, minars in mosques, or pagodas in temples). Many religious structures also have classrooms (for Sunday school activities) and residential quarters for one or two families. But the structures are primarily designed for worship and religious congregations. Some modern wedding chapels and structures that accommodate a wide range of religious or social activities are also included here. Architecturally, church buildings have been known as either a schoolhouse, modern, traditional, courthouse, utility, or storefront churches. Except for the storefront variety, all these structures belong in this category. If an application needs to differentiate, use the definitions below to create subcategories. Schoolhouse churches look like one-room schoolhouses, typically frame-built in a rectangular shape with a double row of pews to define the cruciform aisle, and the pulpit centered at the head of the main aisle. Modern churches refer to the explosion of innovative church forms popular with designers after World War II. They take many shapes and sizes with visually striking features (large entrances, long masonry spires, etc.). Traditional churches refer to the standard rectangular plan with steep roof pitches, masonry built, and sometimes having tall bell towers or steeples. Courthouse churches reflect the 1875-1925 American municipal architecture of urban centers. These centers often included the town bank, city hall, post office, and other public uses along with a church building designed to look like the courthouse. Utility churches are buildings with low roofs, often constructed of concrete blocks, sometimes with vinyl sidings, and pointed or spiked steeples, if any. They primarily serve small independent denominations. Not included in this category: Storefront churches refer to a store or a similar structure not typically used for religious activities that is now used as a meeting place for a congregation. Structures adapted for congregations include barns, stores, warehouses, old public buildings, and single-family houses. The structure dimension should classify such structures in the appropriate structure category. Use the activity dimension to specify the religious congregation activities and the function dimension to identify the religious establishment. Megachurches are mostly large structures that can seat several thousand people and have a variety of amenities and host a wide range of activities. The main structure has a stage with a pulpit with arena-style seating. It may also include facilities for teaching, broadcasting, entertaining, and selling gifts, books, and other paraphernalia. They may also include a chapel for weddings and funerals. The architecture and interior design evoke a convention or civic center design and also generate similar traffic and impacts. Such structures should be classified under exhibition and convention center category. Any other facility that has been converted for religious events and congregations (houses, office buildings, community centers, etc.)
3600	Capitol buildings	Structures specialized for assembly of elected and other public officials to conduct public discourse. Although the main enclosure is similar to many stepped or raised floor plans of theaters and auditoriums, the overall structural characteristics of a capitol building includes other structures and facilities associated with office-type activities.
3700	Covered or partially covered atriums and public enclosures	Often found in downtown locations that provide shelter for large public gatherings and communal activities.
3800	Other community structures	This is a catch-all category for all other mass assembly structures, including community halls, reception halls, wedding halls, etc.
3900	Passenger assembly	—
3910	Mixed mode terminal	—
3920	Airport terminal	—
3930	Bus terminal	—
3940	Train station	Create subcategories if applications require specific train station type (long distance versus transit). But many long distance stations also serve transit and local trains.
3950	Harbor or port terminal	—

4000 Institutional or community facilities

Code	Category	Description
4000	Institutional or community facilities	Use this as a catch-all category when sufficient detail about structure types are not available (for example, when using remotely sensed data).
4100	Medical facility	—
4110	Hospital building	—
4120	Medical clinic building	—
4200	School or university buildings	—
4210	Grade school	—
4220	College or university facility	—
4230	Trade or specialty school facility	—
4300	Library building	—
4400	Museum, exhibition, or similar facility	—
4410	Exhibitions and art galleries	—
4420	Planetarium	—
4430	Aquarium	—
4440	Outdoor facility, no major structure	—
4450	Zoological parks	Besides the normal viewing and tourist areas, zoos may also have special structures and enclosures for various zoological and botanical habitats. They also have extensive veterinary and animal services along with associated administration buildings. When a zoo is part of a larger park, for example, a state park, use the appropriate site dimension category to identify such land-use characteristics.
4500	Public safety-related facility	—
4510	Fire and rescue station	—
4520	Police station	—
4530	Emergency operation center	—
4600	Jails, penitentiaries, detention centers, and other correctional facilities	—
4700	Cemetery, monument, tombstone, or mausoleum	The three traditional cemetery types are: the monument cemetery, the lawn cemetery, and the garden memorial park. Each is a distinct facility type, although it may appear that the main difference is in the way the site is developed. The monument cemetery, which evolved from ancient churchyard burial grounds, has stone memorials. The lawn cemetery, features lawns with extensive landscaping and looks like a park, and the memorials are sometimes bronze. They evolved from a need to have wide public acceptance for new cemeteries. The garden memorial park is a logical extension of the lawn cemetery with elaborate sculptures and architectural features that counter the monotonous lawns and memorials. Memorials in all types of cemeteries vary from a simple tombstone to elaborate mausoleums. Many plans recognize the open space quality of cemeteries by placing jogging and bike trails adjacent to such areas. Also, some cemeteries have allowed other recreational uses on unplotted parts of the property. Classify or capture such uses of a cemetery in the activity dimension.
4800	Funeral homes and cremation facilities	Land-use plans traditionally treated such facilities as serving a community function. Even though many funeral homes now are for-profit enterprises, for lack of a more suitable category, this facility type remains in the community facility category. Many funeral homes may look like large older-style single-family residential structures but have significant structural differences to accommodate funeral functions. They often contain one or more assembly rooms that can hold 25 to 400 people, several smaller rooms for embalming, caskets, showing, and other functions, and because the funeral plant is a 24-hour operation, they often have sleeping quarters for a family.

5000 Transportation-related facilities

Code	Category	Description
5000	Transportation-related facilities	—
5100	Linear or network feature	Many local land-use databases do not have parcel IDs for road segments, including rights-of-way. A typical community may have as much as 15% of its total land consumed by such linear features. Tracking the total amount of land consumed by such facilities is becoming increasingly critical for answering many planning applications. Even in cases where GIS-based maps ignore roads as a category when mapping, the underlying geometry has polygons assigned to the rights-of-way. This category is a way to assign a structure type for such polygons in the GIS, or for parcels that are road segments in the database. See the LBCS web site for further details about this issue.
5110	Pedestrian trail, sidewalks, etc.	—
5120	Bicycle and other nonmotorized paths	—
5130	Highways and roads	The subcategories provided for roads follow the Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA) functional road classification scheme. This scheme explains to Metropolitan Planning Organizations how they can meet specific reporting requirements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991. Many local and state agencies use the same categories for their local planning applications. The two additional subcategories, local and alley, provided below can capture some additional local road types. Local roads may be private or unfunded roads. Alleys are commonly used in denser urban areas. There is no color scheme for roads in most local planning applications; they are left white or colored black. Depending on the scale of the map (regional or statewide maps), roads are may be shown as dark (usually black) lines. But ISTEA reporting requirements specify the following scheme for regional or statewide maps: Interstate highways - Blue solid line Other Freeways and expressways - Brown solid line Other principal arterials - Red solid line Minor arterials - Green solid line Major collectors - Purple solid line Minor collectors - Yellow solid line All future routes classified should be shown as dashed lines using the appropriate color. At this scale where roads are depicted as lines, local roads and alleys may be too small to register on a map, but if they do, use black dashed lines.
5131	Principal arterial — interstate	—
5132	Principal arterial — freeway and expressway	—
5133	Other principal arterial	—
5134	Minor arterial	—
5135	Major collector	—
5136	Minor collector	—
5137	Local road	—
5138	Alley	—
5139	Other nonclassified road	—
5140	Highway bridges and tunnels	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify this distinction. This category may be applicable when individual segments of roads are classified. For many local land-use applications, this linear facility (along with the right-of-way) may appear as a road segment. As local databases improve their accuracy, this category will increasingly become significant.
5150	Railroads, including monorails, etc.	—
5160	Waterways	—
5200	Automobile parking facilities	—
5210	Surface parking, open	—
5220	Surface parking, covered	—
5230	Multistoried parking structure with ramps	—
5240	Underground parking structure with ramps	—
5250	Rooftop parking facility	—
5300	Bus stop shelter	—
5400	Bus or truck maintenance facility	—
5500	Water transportation or marine related	—
5510	Port fuel facility	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
5511	Port fuel facility with anchored tanks, with back-up power	—
5512	Port fuel facility with anchored tanks, without back-up power	—
5513	Port fuel facility with unanchored tanks, with back-up power	—
5514	Port fuel facility with unanchored tanks, without back-up power	—
5515	Port fuel facility with buried tanks	—
5520	Pier, dock, wharf, or jetty	—
5530	Lighthouse	—
5540	Riverboats and other anchored facilities	Includes riverboats and barges used for casinos, entertainment, residential, or other purposes. For anchored parts of such facilities, include them in this category as well.
5550	Port storage or warehouse	—
5551	Stationary port handling equipment	—
5552	Rail mounted port handling equipment	—
5553	Port warehouses	—
5600	Air and space transportation facility	—
5610	Runway	—
5620	Airport maintenance and hangar facility	—
5630	Airport control tower	—
5640	Heliport facility	—
5650	Glideport, seaport, stolport, ultralight or baloonport facility	—
5700	Railroad facility	—
5710	Railroad switching facility	—
5720	Railroad sheds and other support structures	—

6000 Utility and other nonbuilding structures

Code	Category	Description
6000	Utility and other nonbuilding structures	—
6100	Utility structures on right-of-way	—
6110	Electric lines, phone and cable lines, etc.	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6111	Distribution circuits with seismically designed components	—
6112	Distribution circuits with standard components	—
6120	Gas and fuel lines	—
6130	Water supply lines	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6131	Brittle pipelines	—
6132	Ductile pipelines	—
6140	Steam and air conditioning lines	—
6150	Irrigation channels	—
6160	Sewer and waste water lines	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6161	Brittle pipelines	—
6162	Ductile pipelines	—
6200	Water-supply-related facility	—
6210	Water supply pump station	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6211	Pumping plant with anchored equipment < 10 MGD	—
6212	Pumping plant with unanchored equipment < 10 MGD	—
6213	Pumping plant with anchored equipment > 10 MGD	—
6214	Pumping plant with unanchored equipment >10 MGD	—
6220	Dam	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions. These categories also match the facility types specified in the Federal Geographic Data Committee's facility standards.
6221	Earth dam, arch	—
6222	Earth dam, multi-arch	—
6223	Buttress dam	—
6224	Gravity dam, rockfill	—
6225	Gravity dam, concrete	—
6226	Gravity dam, masonry	—
6227	Gravity dam, stone	—
6228	Gravity dam, timber crib	—
6230	Levee	—
6240	Culvert	—
6250	Water tank (elevated, at grade, underground)	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6251	On-ground anchored concrete tank	—
6252	On-ground unanchored concrete tank	—
6253	On-ground anchored steel tank	—
6254	On-ground unanchored steel tank	—
6255	Above ground steel tank	—
6256	On-ground wood tank	—
6257	Buried concrete tank	—
6260	Wells	—
6270	Water treatment and purification (WTP) facility	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6271	WTP with anchored components < 50 MGD	—
6272	WTP with unanchored components < 50 MGD	—
6273	WTP with anchored components 50-200 MGD	—
6274	WTP with unanchored components 50-200 MGD	—
6275	WTP with anchored components > 200 MGD	—
6276	WTP with unanchored components > 200 MGD	—
6280	Water reservoir	—
6290	Other irrigation facilities	—
6300	Sewer and waste-related facility	—
6310	Storage or pumping station facility	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6311	Lift stations with anchored components < 10 MGD	—
6312	Lift stations with unanchored components < 10 MGD	—
6313	Lift stations with anchored components > 10 MGD	—
6314	Lift stations with unanchored components > 10 MGD	—
6320	Landfill facility	Area fill and trench fill are two commonly known facility types. The area method is employed to fill a depleted quarry pit, a canyon, or a natural depression. After a day's worth of dumping, heavy tractors compact the solid wastes evenly, and cover the layer with dirt or other inert solid wastes. In canyon-type landfills, cover materials may come from scraping the walls. The final grade of such landfills is made even with the surrounding topography. In the trench fill method, dump trucks deposit waste in trenches dug out for this purpose. Heavy bulldozers in the trench compact and even the surface. At day's end, the bulldozers use dirt from the excavated material to cover the surface. Heavy front-end loaders, scrapers, and other equipment are used for digging trenches. When this type of landfill is completed, its grade is usually higher than the original grade. Because landfills try to keep the working surface as small as possible, they may not be visible in aerial pictures. Landfills are also synonymous with resource recovery facilities where some of the waste products are separated for recycling or additional treatment.
6330	Incinerator, composting, or similar facility	Mainly industrial in character, these facilities may sometimes be co-located with landfills and other solid waste operations.
6340	Hazardous waste storage facility	This single category should serve most planning applications. However, communities that have a variety of hazardous waste facilities and want to further delineate such facilities may do so by using the subcategories. But for the rest, this one category should suffice. All emergency preparedness plans require inventory of such facilities, and common applications include local traffic routing rules.
6341	High-level waste facility	These facilities handle the most hazardous of all waste products — fission products, which have high-intensity and penetrating radioactivity. The processes involved are heavily mechanized because humans cannot come into contact with these such materials.
6342	Transuranic waste facility	These facilities mainly bury the radioactive materials because they decay longer (half-life may be several thousand years) than the fission type. Equipment and structures reflect mining and large-scale industrial operations.
6343	Spent fuel facility	Normally these are co-located with nuclear reactor facilities and contain large water pools to store spent fuel. Such fuel is considered high-level waste, but many former nuclear reactor sites still function as spent-fuel facilities until the fuel can be disposed.
6344	Low-level waste facility	Such facilities collect, store, and process low-level radiation waste from industrial, commercial, and institutional sources. Their primary operation is to reduce the volume of radioactive material though filtration, evaporation, incineration, and compaction. The transportation and movement of wastes to these facilities are regulated and adequate emergency preparedness includes risks of pollution from such facilities.
6350	Sewer treatment plant	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6351	Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) with anchored components < 50 MGD	—
6352	WWTP with unanchored components < 50 MGD	—
6353	WWTP with anchored components 50-200 MGD	—
6354	WWTP with unanchored components 50-200 MGD	—
6355	WWTP with anchored components > 200 MGD	—
6356	WWTP with unanchored components > 200 MGD	—
6400	Gas or electric power generation facility	—
6410	Gas storage and distribution facility	—
6420	Gas compressor stations	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6421	Gas compressor stations with anchored components	—
6422	Gas compressor stations with unanchored components	—
6430	Power generation plants	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6431	Power plants with anchored components < 100 MW	—
6432	Power plants with unanchored components < 100 MW	—
6433	Power plants with anchored components > 100 MW	—
6434	Power plants with unanchored components >100 MW	—
6440	Electric substation and distribution facility	Because these structures are of special concern for emergency management and other disaster recovery applications, they appear in a separate category with subcategories useful for emergency planners. Many state and federal emergency management applications (as described in the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's HAZUS manual) specify these distinctions.
6441	Low-voltage (115 KV) substation with anchored components	—
6442	Low-voltage (115 KV) substation with unanchored components	—
6443	Medium-voltage (230 KV) substation with anchored components	—
6444	Medium-voltage (230 KV) substation with unanchored components	—
6445	High-voltage (500 KV) substation with anchored components	—
6446	High-voltage (500 KV) substation with unanchored components	—
6450	Geothermal facility	—
6460	Solar and other forms of energy facility	Includes windmills, solar panel farms, etc. Windmills are also known by other specialized terms, such as air mill, horizontal air mill, post mill, smock mill, and tower mill.
6500	Communication towers	—
6510	Radio, TV, or wireless transmitter	—
6520	Weather stations or transmitters	—
6600	Environmental monitoring station (air, soil, etc.)	—
6700	Sign or billboard	—
6900	Other miscellaneous structures	—
6910	Kiosks	—
6920	Roadside stand, pushcarts, etc.	Includes movable units that may or may not be permanently anchored.
6930	Highway rest stops and welcome centers	—
6940	Playground equipment	Includes swings, tot-lots, sand lots, and other playground equipment.
6950	Fountain, sculpture, etc.	Includes other aesthetic structures and streetscape elements, such as benches, planters, fountains, hydrants, flag pedestals, etc.
6970	Outdoor stage, bandstand, or similar structure	Either covered or uncovered, these structures serve as stages for performances in outdoor arenas and gathering places.

7000 Specialized military structures

Code	Category	Description
7000	Specialized military structures	These are broad categories for military and defense establishments. It is a complex category that may include other structure types. Local planning applications are only concerned about this at a broad level, but base planners may want to add additional subcategories for some specialized operations, as shown for naval facilities. However, for normal land-use inventories necessary for base planning, apply categories other than "military installation" from this structure-type dimension. In combination with coding from the activity dimension, base planners can filter a variety of land-use characteristics suitable for base planning.
7100	Joint services facility	—
7200	Air Force facility	—
7300	Army and marine corps facility	—
7400	Naval facility	—
7410	Naval installation	—
7420	Weapons station	—
7430	Submarine base	—
7450	Training center	—
7460	Communications station	—
7470	Supply center	—
7480	Reserve station	—
7500	Armory building	Structures enclosing large enclosed space designed for military training. They may have incidental storage and office space within the main structure.

8000 Sheds, farm buildings, or agricultural facilities

Code	Category	Description
8000	Sheds, farm buildings, or agricultural facilities	Use this category for all agricultural structures. For tracking specialized farm and agricultural structures, use the subcategories. This broad category also includes lumber mills, maple sugaring facilities (sugar camp, sugar bush, etc.), agricultural terraces (to hold water and allow infiltration), waterways and stabilized paths (to direct runoff), sediment basins (to hold silt), and fencing (mainly to reduce livestock density).
8100	Grain silos and other storage structure for grains and agricultural products	—
8200	Livestock facility	This is a catch-all category for all livestock-related structures that serve horses, cattle, sheep, etc.
8210	Dairy facility	Includes barns, milking barns, milking parlors, etc.
8220	Poultry facility	Includes poultry houses for chickens, broilers, layer hens, etc.
8230	Cattle facility	—
8240	Stables and other equine-related facilities	Includes horse trot-tracks, and other horse training or veterinary facilities for horses.
8300	Animal feed operations facility	Although they may be integrated into a livestock facility, some are separately located.
8310	Confined feedlot facility	Although confined feedlots often refer to feeding operations for hogs, the agriculture industry has had a history of confined feedlot operations for a number of decades. Poultry feedlots, for example, have been confined for many years. Another term that is synonymous but with a different meaning is the US EPA and USDA definition for concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO). This definition refers to feedlots greater than a certain capacity, in this case 1000 animal units. An animal unit is defined as the equivalent of one beef cow. Although definitions vary in zoning and other local regulations, the trend is to have some measurement unit based on impacts of effluent. Using this measure, a CAFO is any facility serving more than 1,000 cattle or 2,500 hogs or 55,000 turkeys, etc. The CAFO definition has other equivalents for other livestock types. If CAFOs have to be measured separate from confined feedlot facilities (i.e., that includes facilities with less than 1,000 animal units), create another subcategory or a special field to keep track of the CAFO units.
8400	Animal waste-handling facility	—
8410	In ground silos	Normally they may not be visible, but newer facilities have air vents and other gas recycling equipment co-located.
8420	Waste lagoons	These are open pits and low-lying areas where animal waste is drained from a feedlot or a confined facility. Although fast disappearing, some of these still do exist and the terms used to describe them vary.
8430	Concrete storage units, covered	Unlike other types of animal waste-handling facilities, these are more portable.
8440	Concrete storage units, uncovered	Unlike other types of animal waste-handling facilities, these are more portable.
8450	Composting facility	When such structures are part of a combined animal-waste handling facilities, use the higher-level Animal waste-handling facility category.
8500	Greenhouses	Rarely, but, also known as glasshouses, these are enclosed structures with or without climate control facilities for growing plants and vegetation under controlled environments.
8600	Hatcheries	—
8700	Kennels and other canine-related facilities	—
8800	Apiary and other related structures	This is a catch-all category all specialized structures and facilities, such as the following: apiary, which is a bee house or a place where beehives are stored; dovecote, a pigeon or doves house that is usually set above ground; a duckhouse (for ducks), falconry, a facility for housing, training, and breeding birds of prey; etc.
8900	Other farm and farming-related structures	Farm-related structures include barns and others, such as: ash house, a farm building to store ash or fertilizers; backhouse, a brewing house attached to a farm or farming structure; bark house, a farm building to store barks of trees; hay barns and chaff houses for storing hay and animal feed; boiling house, a structure where animal feed is prepared; chitting house, a shed to germinate and grow potatoes; laithe, a cow-house with crop storage space; hemmel, a shelter for farm animals with no stalls; etc.

9000 No structure

Code	Category	Description
9000	No structure	—
9100	Not applicable to this dimension	Use this code as a permanent code for those records that will never be classified in this dimension. It is normal for land-use databases to have records that may never be classified and left blank instead. But LBCS recommends that all records have a code because some computer applications may not be able handle blank entries (null values in database terminology).
9200	Unclassifiable structure	Use this category as a temporary placeholder for activities that cannot be grouped anywhere until the classification scheme is updated. Check the before revising the classification scheme.
9300	Subsurface structures	Use this category for activities that occur below the surface that are of no interest to the applications that will use this data set. Assigning one of the unknown categories may be inappropriate.
9900	To be determined	Use this code as a placeholder until an appropriate code can be assigned. It is normal for land-use databases to have records that may never be classified and left blank instead. But LBCS recommends that all records have a code because some computer applications may not be able handle blank entries (null values in database terminology). This code could also be used as the default value for data-entry work. The subcategories serve the same purpose for other coding levels.
9990	To be determined	—
9999	To be determined	—

Notes on applying these codes

• Where a parcel carries multiple buildings, code the principal structure. Accessory buildings are normally captured either as additional records or as secondary codes, depending on the data model.
• Parcels with no structure at all are coded 9000 (no structure); what is on such a parcel is described in the site development character dimension.

Source

Code numbers, category names, and category descriptions on this page are reproduced from the American Planning Association's LBCS standard tables (1 April 2001).